Here's a question for all you amateur naturalists out there. What animal is a rodent with wings, flies into your hair, builds nests in your houses, chews through your power cables and drinks your blood as you sleep? Don't know the answer? Well you are not alone because I don't know either but if you find one please let me know.
If you thought the answer was a bat then you would be totally and utterly wrong. Bats are and do nothing of the above. It seems strange that one of the most successful and useful mammals is a mystery to most people and in quite a few evokes repulsion.
Let's look at the truth about bats and try and dispel some of the folklores and mystery about them.
Bats belong to a totally distinct group of mammals from the rodentia (rats, mice etc) known as the chiroptera meaning 'hand-wing' and this is the first myth we can unravel, because a bat does not have a wing like a bird but rather it flies with huge hands with a membrane between it's fingers.
This means that it will never be able to compete with the birds in terms of speed but are far more agile, which is useful when you are capturing up to 3000 of those pesky insects a night!
What about this old wife's tale about bats flying into your hair? Over the many years of talking to the public about bats, I have encountered many legends about our furry flying friends but the one that constantly re-occurs is the hair loving bats story and everyone seems to have a friend of a twice removed cousin who once met a man in a pub who this genuinely happened to! The truth is that bats have no affinity to human hair but they do like the insects we tend to collect above our heads because of all that heat expel from it, also they are inquisitive. So the next time you see bats flying around your head, remember they are not testing you out to see if you are wearing their favourite brand of shampoo (which is head and shoulders I believe) but merely checking you and the insects you are bringing along out.
And what about all the twigs they leave when in you attic? That my friend is probably a bird it is not a bat because they don't build nests. Ok then, what about the chewed wires that caused the television to short out just when they were announcing the final result of celebrity come dancing? Rodents I am afraid is the answer, because you see bats don't gnaw at things (except insects).
If you are really not sure (and are quite brave/stupid) pick up a dropping that you find by the culprit. If it goes squelch then you are touching rodent droppings, if on the other hand it is dry and crumbly...congratulations you have a bat roosting there! You should feel proud as bats are very fussy and don't like dirty or draughty place (another myth, you will never find bats in a belfry it is far too windy) so you deserve a pat on the back for looking after the place.
So here we are about to dispel the biggest legend about vampire bats. Bats that drink blood, how ridiculous!...but true. Of the nearly 1000 species of bats, 3 are actually vampire bats. But before you reach for the garlic, let me say that firstly they all live in Central America and also only one of them has been known to take blood from a human and it is not much bigger than the size of your thumb, taking at the most about half a thimble of blood.
Even so the thought of a bat landing on you and biting into your neck is not exactly appealing. Well, I have good news because a bat will not land on you as it is too likely to wake you up and secondly, it will never take blood from your neck as this area is too sensitive, your heel is the favoured spot. Finally, you may be relieved to know that the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus will only take blood from a human if no other alternative food stocks are available
So what have bats got to do with our current water crisis you may ask? Well all bats are found near water and being a specie that very quickly reacts to environmental changes, they are excellent as indicators to the health of our environment. If the water shortages are a long term feature, then not only will the bats of Cyprus suffer but also the people of Cyprus too as the number of biting and pest insects will increase without natural pest control allies.
Now I hope that I have entertained and informed you on our much maligned friends, but if you want more information about bats or are interested in possible future projects featuring bats, please contact Lyndon at the environmental studies centre 26332351.
Αν νομίζατε ότι η νυχτερίδα είναι ένα τρωκτικό με φτερά που όταν φωλιάζει στα σπίτια σας, πετά και μπαίνει στα μαλλιά σας, μασά τα καλώδια ηλεκτροδότησης σας και πίνει το αίμα σας καθώς κοιμάστε, έχετε λάθος. Ας δούμε την αλήθεια σχετικά με τις νυχτερίδες και ας διαλύσουμε κάποιους από τους μύθους γύρω απ' αυτές. Η νυχτερίδα ανήκει στην ομάδα των τρωκτικών γνωστή ως chiroptera που σημαίνει «χέρι-φτερό», αφού η νυχτερίδα πετά με χέρια τα οποία έχουν μεμβράνη μεταξύ των δακτύλων της. Αυτό σημαίνει ότι είναι πιο αργή από ένα πουλί αλλά πιο ευκίνητη από ένα έντομο - και έτσι αιχμαλωτίζει μέχρι 3000 ένα βράδυ.
Σχετικά με την παλιά ιστορία για τις νυχτερίδες που πετούνε στα μαλλιά σας, η αλήθεια είναι ότι οι νυχτερίδες δεν έλκονται από ανθρώπινες τρίχες αλλά από τα έντομα που τείνουν να πετούν πάνω από τα κεφάλια μας λόγω της αποβάλλουσας θερμότητας. Σχετικά με τα κλαδάκια στη σοφίτα σας είναι πιθανώς πουλιά, μιας και οι νυχτερίδες δεν κτίζουν φωλιές, και σχετικά με τα φαγωμένα σας καλώδια, μάλλον η απάντηση είναι τα τρωκτικά, αφού οι νυχτερίδες δεν ροκανίζουν πράγματα.
Τα περιττώματα της νυχτερίδας είναι ξηρά και θρυμματίζονται εύκολα αντίθετα με αυτά των τρωκτικών και οι ίδιες είναι πολύ εκλεκτικές στους χώρους διαμονής τους, καταρρίπτοντας το μύθο ότι συγκεντρώνονται σε καμπαναριό εκκλησιών διότι συνήθως φυσά πολύ στα καμπαναριά. Όσον αφορά τον μύθο ότι πίνουν ανθρώπινο αίμα, αξίζει να σημειωθεί ότι από τα χίλια είδη νυχτερίδας, μόνο τρία είναι «νυχτερίδες - βρικόλακες» και τα τρία αυτά είδη βρίσκονται στη Λατινική Αμερική!
Οι νυχτερίδες ενδημούν κοντά σε περιοχές με νερό και έτσι, σε περίοδο λειψυδρίας, υποφέρουν. Αυτό έχει αντίκτυπο στον άνθρωπο διότι χωρίς τις νυχτερίδες ο αριθμός των εντόμων, αυξάνεται στην απουσία του «φυσικού» ελέγχου που παρέχουν οι νυχτερίδες.
Ελπίζω να σας ενημέρωσα και να σας ψυχαγώγησα όσο αφορά τις φίλες μας που άδικα συκοφαντούνται. Σε περίπτωση που θέλετε περισσότερες πληροφορίες για τις νυχτερίδες ή θέλετε να μάθετε για πιθανό μελλοντικό πρόγραμμα γι' αυτές, επικοινωνήστε με τον Lyndon στο Κυπριακό Κέντρο Περιβαλλοντικών Μελετών (τηλ. 26332351).